THE STREETS AND DIGITAL
To better understand di cosa si tratta, riportiamo di seguito una breve descrizione delle tappe normative, che ne hanno caratterizzato l’iter, arrivando a quello che oggi, grazie alle nuove tecnologie, viene definito “stradario digitale”; gli elementi costitutivi dello stradario ossia strade e numeri civici e le informazioni ad essi collegate; ed infine lo stradario digitale così come lo si ritrova nel WebSit SIGIT.
Un excursus normativo in materia di stradario
Lo stradario comunale era stato regolamentato già nella legislazione dei primi anni fifty, and therefore, according to Law 1228/1954 and the next Pres. 223/1989, every municipality must (and should) organize the preparation and updating of a street, not even years when we are talking about street digital or computer technology, but simply a paper (even a table) in which should (and must) be given by circulation areas (street, avenue, alley, way, square, etc..), house numbers and the census and constantly updated.
In 1992, the National Institute of Statistics - referring to the Regulations mentioned in the notes master - has published a volume Population population - methods and standards, Series B - No 2, where you find the " instructions for ordering U.S. " and, therefore, to follow the directions to create a city street.
In 2000 Istat has ever produced, in preparation for the 14th General Census of the population, the Circular No. 5th of February 4, 2000 where you define the formalities required to municipalities for the preparation of the census of 2001 inside of it, tracking down information on place names and road and house number.
It follows - by the rules mentioned so far - that all municipalities should have a street date at least to date in 2001, at least on paper (since it is only in recent years the use of computer technology has developed in the municipalities, bringing innovation also for that matter): up to ten years ago, only a few large municipalities have experimented with the technology investment Gis.La enormous difficulties in incorporating these technologies in public administration, appears to be attributed not only to the high initial costs, but also the complexity of using GIS, this set of issues has probably deterred most of the municipalities from applying this technology.
Over the years it has been shown as a careful and conscious use of GIS, contained in a broader context of computerization of municipal government, can bring great benefits in terms of both economic and technical procedures, improving services to citizen.
Today GIS applications are growing within the Administration, which recognized the importance of geo-referencing of spatial data and also the manufacturers of GIS have been able to differentiate their offerings, reducing costs of some products and thus facilitating the potential buyer.
The geographical information (GIS) is an essential reference for many areas of primary interest of the public administration in the municipalities can use for example: for TMP, traffic plans, plans for affordable housing and more popular in general land management.
Without proper support, the complexity of spatial data makes it difficult to manage multiple levels of operation. It is necessary that a regional system put their bases on a first layer that is the key thematic digital street.
can be traced back roughly the last decade of the first realizations of digital street maps, made with computer technology and GIS, in conjunction with technological innovation and its spread throughout the Italian territory, even if the legislation has evolved: innovation and regulation are then connected by a relationship of mutual influence and very articulate - if the two aspects do not go together - the legislation is likely to become an obstacle rather than a resource to promote and encourage change.
To this end, was drafted in 2005 by the Ministry for Innovation and Technologies, in collaboration with all state administrations concerned, the Digital Administration Code (and its upgrade to Act June 18, 2009, No 69), in order to ensure and regulate the availability, management, access, transmission, conversation and usability of information in digital, using the most appropriate ways and technologies of information and communication within the Administration and its relationships with clients privately.
This route digital city: the elements
This route digital archive represents the most important city in an Information System Hall, as it is possible to engage the various local databases (registry, taxes, etc..), They also represent the basic maps essential to obtain a global representation of the town and to perform spatial analysis, planning and statistics in the preparation of municipal planning instruments. Also are of fundamental importance because they provide the ability to access information related to the area through mapping tools, offering the advantages offered by geo-referencing information managed within the GIS and thus allowing easy access and proper management of data concerning the territory .
Inside the Digital Maps should be showing the same constituent parts of the paper street (the viability and number), as well as major differences that give it greater relevance in terms of not only urban development: i) the ability to georeference constituent parts and to link these elements geographic databases alphanumeric ii) the accuracy and precision of the data, in addition to the special accessibility and consistency of databases, iii) ease of updating data, and iv) the ease in performing spatial analysis and management and organization of the territory, all of which gives the street digitale un valore aggiunto rispetto al precedente strumento, consentendo la georeferenzazione di qualsiasi banca dati collegabile ai suoi elementi compositivi.
Lo stradario digitale è costituito principalmente da due elementi (mezzerie stradali e numeri civici) corredati da una serie di attributi, legati a loro volta a banche dati alfanumeriche. Come elemento geometrico di rappresentazione della rete stradale utilizza la polilinea corrispondente alla mezzeria stradale. Le mezzerie sono utili per gestire la viabilità, la corrispondente toponomastica e le diverse tipologie stradali e ad esse vengono collegati gli attributi propri della strada, derivanti dai dati raccolti nei vari uffici comunali (nome via, tipologia, codice via) representing the main data that subsequently can be implemented with a variety of useful data for analysis and the possible creation of a municipal Sit.
Other constitutive element of the street is represented by house numbers, which will be later connected to the previous geographical feature middle road through a common attribute (key field) that contains values repeated, which uniquely identifies each record, the house is represented graphically by an accurate localized " at the physical presence the same number ", usually found on and must be defined by a set of attributes, derived from the Registry office, which relate to the number, whether internal (register subordinate), the scale and code of the street to which they belong (key field), which may be linked more information about, for example, the resident population.
tools described above allow to obtain - in addition to vector mapping - also connected alphanumerical database, allowing you to perform a series of urban analysis that did not could be realized or, where feasible, would have demanded time and how long and expensive.
The Maps in digital websit SIGIT
The Digital Maps is the basis of websit provided in 2009 to all common SIGIT. The WebGIS can store, edit, view, and do analysis on spatial information and not in it, through Internet access, thus allows to publish geographical databases on the Internet by allowing users access to geographic information in a dynamic and interactive. Increasingly, public bodies involved a risolvere onerosi problemi inerenti alla gestione del territorio e numerose aziende , nazionali e multinazionali, si servono di tecnologie Web-GIS per i molteplici vantaggi e la fruizione ottimale derivanti dall’utilizzo di esse. Alcune peculiarità dell’utilizzo di tale strumento sono:
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l’accesso alle informazioni in modo trasparente, immediato ed efficace;
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l’opportunità di integrare database ambientali dedicati e quindi, per propria natura, molto specialistici, all’interno di un unico supporto informativo;
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la possibilità di mettere information related archives located in different physical locations and without creating duplication, establishing connections, network dynamics that make up the physical space for developing the system.
The dissemination and sharing of geographic information across the network making it possible to achieve the relevant objectives:
- improving the effectiveness and efficiency of interactive work, both within the administration public, both in the ordinary relations between agencies and institutions;
- to provide the technicians and administrators with a tool in grado di consentire, in ogni momento ed attraverso una tecnologia diffusa, non solo la consultazione dei dati, ma anche la loro elaborazione su set informativi condivisi;
- raggiungere una vasta platea di utenti che non possiedono conoscenze specialistiche.
La costruzione di una buona base territoriale, lo stradario digitale appunto, dipende oltre dalla formazione tecnica degli addetti ai lavori (tecnici esperti GIS), anche alle disponibilità delle varie pubbliche amministrazioni e dei propri uffici.
È possibile identify different stages in the construction of a digital street map:
- digitizing maps of the arches on GIS software (central reservations of roads)
- onomastic connection to the given territorial
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survey of house numbers
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digitization of house numbers
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intersection of the data pointed to databases at the local (municipal authorities, taxes, land registry etc ...)
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testing house numbers (verification of what is present on the territory and what is contained in databases municipal)
SIGIT To date the Office has completed the Phase 5 and is beginning the final phase, whose completion requires a greater use of Websit. It is a delicate phase that involves the SIGIT office and municipal offices in person, as it is necessary to clean and align the various databases. This step is necessary and indispensable because the absence of unified technologies have led in recent years to produce digital data base breakdown between the various municipal offices. Each office has completed their data base with their digital language and place names disparate rules, it is time to unify these languages To enable communication of data to obtain accurate crosses can allow monitoring and comparing massive. Operationally, the testing phase involves the insertion in the first instance in the various databases access unnumbered detected during the survey carried out of the house numbers in recent years and at the same time confirm house numbers collected and contained in the databases. Of crucial importance will then determine the main street of each building will become the primary key of the cross-communication between the databases.
Download Ringtones Act June 18, 2009, No 69 "Measures for economic development, simplification, competitiveness as well as for civil proceedings"
